NaOH + Ba(HCO3)2 = BaCO3 + Na2CO3 + H2O - Balanced Chemical Equation

To balance the equation NaOH + Ba(HCO3)2 = BaCO3 + Na2CO3 + H2O using the algebraic method step-by-step, you must have experience solving systems of linear equations. The most common methods are substitution/elimination and linear algebra, but any similar method will work.

Step 1: Label Each Compound With a Variable

Label each compound (reactant or product) in the equation with a variable to tát represent the unknown coefficients.

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a NaOH + b Ba(HCO₃)₂ = c BaCO₃ + d Na₂CO₃ + f H₂O

Step 2: Create a System of Equations

Create an equation for each element (Na, O, H, Ba, C) where each term represents the number of atoms of the element in each reactant or product.

Na:	1a	+	0b	=	0c	+	2d	+	0f
O:	1a	+	6b	=	3c	+	3d	+	1f
H:	1a	+	2b	=	0c	+	0d	+	2f
Ba:	0a	+	1b	=	1c	+	0d	+	0f
C:	0a	+	2b	=	1c	+	1d	+	0f

Step 3: Solve For All Variables

Use substitution, Gaussian elimination, or a calculator to tát solve for each variable.

1a - 2d = 0
1a + 6b - 3c - 3d - 1f = 0
1a + 2b - 2f = 0
1b - 1c = 0
2b - 1c - 1d = 0

Use your graphing calculator's rref() function (or an online rref calculator) to tát convert the following matrix into reduced row-echelon-form:

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[ 1	 0	 0	-2	 0	0]
[ 1	 6	-3	-3	-1	0]
[ 1	 2	 0	 0	-2	0]
[ 0	 1	-1	 0	 0	0]
[ 0	 2	-1	-1	 0	0]

The resulting matrix can be used to tát determine the coefficients. In the case of a single solution, the last column of the matrix will contain the coefficients.

Simplify the result to tát get the lowest, whole integer values.

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a = 2 (NaOH)
b = 1 (Ba(HCO3)2)
c = 1 (BaCO3)
d = 1 (Na2CO3)
f = 2 (H2O)

Step 4: Substitute Coefficients and Verify Result

Count the number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation and verify that all elements and electrons (if there are charges/ions) are balanced.

2 NaOH + Ba(HCO₃)₂ = BaCO₃ + Na₂CO₃ + 2 H₂O